Type-writing machine.



PATENTBD NOV. 27, 1906.

A. T. BROWNJ TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED 0OT.16, 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

MTNESEES 1:1 iwm 'TTEIHNEIY A. T. BROWN: TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

PATENTED NOV. 27. 1906.

APPLICATION FILED 0073.16, 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2 m S 3 w E f -KIII I I III IIII IIII. I IIIII. W W k w Q Q I J mm 3 an TTEIRNEY PATENTED NOV. 27, 1906.

A. T. BROWN. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED OCT. 16, 1902.

INVENTUR= M/ITNESEEE:

HIE TTURNEY No. 837,031. PATENTED NOV. 27, 1906.. A. T. BROWN.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED OGT.16. 1902.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

MTNEEEEE: INVENTBH:

H15 ATTORNEY UNITED STATES PATENT QFFICE.

ALEXANDER T. BROWN, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' 'Patented Nbv. 27, 1906.

Application filed October 16, 1902. Serial No. 127,538-

mechanism for type-writing machines; and

one of the objects of my invention is to provide simple and efiicient mechanism of the character specified. a

A further object of the invention is to provide eflicient mechanism for automatically reversing the direction of feedof the ribbon when an end thereof is approached.

To the above and other ends, which will hereinafter appear, my invention consists in the various features of construction, arrangements of parts, and combinations of elements to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference characters indicate corresponding parts in the various views, Figure 1 is a side elevation, with parts broken away and in section, of one form of type-writing machines embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the same, the section being taken on the line cc of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail side view, with parts broken away and in section, of a portion of the, ribbon mechanism. Fig. 4 is a detail side view, with parts broken away, of a portion of the ribbon mechanism at the opposite .side of the machine, the View looking in the same direction as in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view, with parts brokcn away, of one of the ribbon-spools and certain of the associated parts. view takcn through the core of one of the ribbon-spools and illustrating the ribbon-engaging device in the released posil' ion. Fig. 7 is a like view of the same, showing the ribbonengaging device in the locked or engaging position. Fig. 8 is an edge view of one of the ribbonspools. Fig. 9 is a detail perspective view of the handle and releasing-ca1n for one of the ribbon-spools. Fig. 10 is a detail transverse sectional view, on an enlarged scale, througi. one of the supports for a ribbonvibrator arm and ribbon-guide pulley. Fig. 11 is a detail perspective view of one of the ribbon-vibrator arms. Fig. 12 is a transverse seotional view of one of the ribbon- Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional to the cross-bar by screws 29.

spools, the section being taken on the line 2 z of Fig. 7.

In the various views parts have been omitted or broken away to more clearly illustrate other features of the construction.

While I have shown my invention applied to a front-strike type-writing machine, it should be understood that the various features of the invention may be employed in other characters of Writingmachines, and that while certain features of the invention are particularly adapted to visible-writing machines other features may be employed in writing-machines of different characters, and that to these ends many changes may be made in the construction without departing from the spirit of my invention.

The frame of the machine comprises side plates 1, which are united by front and rear plates 2 and 3, respectively, by oppositelygrooved cross-rails 4, by a segment 5, and by other parts, as will hereinafter more clearly appear.

The grooved rails 4 are adapted to receive antifriction-balls 6, which are likewise received in rooved trackways 7 in the carriage 8, whlch supports a platen 9 and carries a depending feed-rack 10, by means of which a feed movement of the carriage is effected from end to end of the machine.

Finger-keys 11 are connected to key-stems 12, which are pivoted at their lower ends 13 each to one arm 14 of a bell-crank lever that is pivoted upon a rockshaft 15 and has an upwardly-extending arm 16 thereof pivoted at 17 to a draw link or bar 18, the rear end of which is pivoted at 19 to a lever 20. Each of the levers 20 is received in a groove 2]., formed in a cross-bar 22, that is supported by the side plates 1 of the machine, and in each roove 21 is contained a knife-cdge or scale ar 23, that receives a bifurcated portion of the lever 20 and ail'ords a bearing therefor on which it may be, vibrated fore and aft of the machine. Each lever 20 has a stud 24, over which a loop or link 25 is received, the lower end of which loop receives the hooked end of a restoring-spiing 26, that is secured at its opposite end 27 in an opening in the plate 28, the latter being secured Each substantially horizontal link 18 has an upwardlyextended arm 30, to which one end of a drawlink 3] s connected, the op osite end ofeach link 31 being connected at 2 to a projection extending from a type-bar 33. The various by means of-' the usual mechanism contained within the drum 43.

' rock-shaft 37. Connected to the rock-shaft 37 is a dog-rocker 38, having integral feeddogs. 39, that-are provided with op ositelydisposed beveled faces 40. The fee -dogs 39 cobpierate with an escapement-wheel 41, which' is operatively connected to a shaft42 .The shaft 42 is received in bearings in the depending portion of the segment and in "tire rear plate 3 of the machine and extends through the rear plate andhas a pinion 44 secured thereto on its rear end. This pinion 44 meshesrwith a gear 45, which in turn mesheswith the feed-rack 10. The gear 45 has integral drum 46, formed thereon, and

the'drurn contains the driving-spring for the carriage, said spring being secured to a central spindle at one end and to the drum and gear at the other.

Fromthe foregoing description it will be understood that a depression of a finger-key resultsin the associated type-bar being thrown. to-the printing-point, and the forward oscillation of the associated lever 20 Will' oause the universal bar to be elevated, tlru's rocking the shaft 37 and affording a feed movement of the carriage for a letterspace distance through the escapement-wheel 41, pinion 44, gear 45, and. feed-rack 1.0.

Near'each end of the universal bar 35 is pivotally connected at 47 a two-part link 43, which extends upwardly and is connected at it s up er end 49 to a ribbon-vibrator arm 50. Each ink 48 is provided with means for adjusting the two parts thereof-sucl-1, for in stance, as a turnbuckle 5], that cooperates with the screw-threads 52 on the two members that constitute each link 48, so that each link may be shortened or lengthened, so that the points of impact of the types on the ribhon may be varied. By reference to Fig. 1 1 it will be observed that each ribbonwibrator arm 50 has a guide-receiving ribbon-slot 53 therein, one of the walls of which is split or slitted at 54 for the introduction and withdrawal of the ribbon and at the same time to revent the accidental esca e of the ribbon rom the slot. l brator-arm is rovided with an eye 55, that has an interna \l-shaped antifriction-rollerreceiving groove 56. Each vibrator-arm is supported upon a side of the machine to a de ending bracket-plate 57, that is referab y formed as an integral portion 0 a top plate member 53. Each bracket 5. has a pawl and ratchet The forwarr end of each vithe threaded end 59 of 'a supporting-spindle 60. Each spindle is provided with a bearing portion 61, that receives the centrally-apertured bearing disks or washers 62,that have opposite] -beveled faces 63, that form a raceway for t e antifriction-balls 64. Each-spindle has a circumferential shoulder 65 formed thereon and which is adapted to bear against the outer disk 62, and thus afford'an adjustment of the disks toward and away from each other, so as to compensate for wear upon the parts. The outer end ortion of each spindle constitutes a bearing for a ribbonguide pulley 66, and the head 67 of the spindle bears against one of the flanges 68 of the from the spindle. Lock-nuts 69 may be employed to prevent an accidental unscrewing of the spindles from their bearings in the brackets 57. It will thus be seen that each spindle 60 constitutes a bearing for a vibrator-arm and for a ribbon-guide pulley and that an adjustment of the spindle in its bearpulley and prevents the withdrawal thereof ing affords an adjustment of the bearingfrom one spool to another passes over these pulleys, and during the movement of the vibrator the ribbon will be moved laterally therewith on the axis of vibration of the libbon-vibrator and will not be distorted or I drawn during the movement of the vibrator to cover and expose the printingoint. In other words, the tension on the rib on is substantially the same at all times whether the vibrator is moving or at rest.

Each vibrator-arm 50 is provided at the forward end thereof with a depending car 70, that is pivoted" at 71130 a rearwardly-extending bent gravity-feed pawl 72. Each'pawl 72 is adapted to'bear upon the peripheral ratchet-teeth 73, formed upon one of the heads or flanges of each ribbon-spool 74. The disk-like heads of each ribbon- 001 are united by a hollow substantially cy indrical core 75, that is riveted to the heads of the spool, as indicated at 76. From an examination of Figs. 6, and 7 it Will be seen that one transverse edge of this core is provided with teeth or serrations 77 and is riveted so as to be fixed with relation to the heads of the spool. The other transverse edge 78 .of the core is adapted to overlap the serrated edge tap ed 0 eningv therein for the rece tion of 1 77 and is free tos 'rin b' the inherent ten- P P P P g Y sion or resiliency of the metal to the overlapping position (indicated in Fig. 7) when permitted to do so. Extending through the core is a spindle 79, which has bearin s 80, that are seated in the heads of the spoo and one of these bearings extends beyond the face of the outer end of the spool, where a crank-arm 81 is secured thereto, the crank-arm being provided with a handle 82, by means of which the spindle may be turned. That portion 83 of t e spindle which extends through the hol- 10w hub or core of the spool is eccentric to the axis of the spindle, so that when the spindle is turned by 1ts handle from the position represented in Fig. 7 to that indicated in Fig. 6 the free resilient edge 78 of the core will be forced out of contact with the cooperating edge having the serrations 77. An end of the ribbon 84 may then be introduced between the edges of the core, and the handle may be turnedwith relation to the spool, so

that the crank-arm extends in the position represented in Fig. 7, and the resiliency of the metal will force the free edge of the core to the position shown in Fig. 7, and thus clamp the ribbon in place and securely connect it to A the. spool.

It will be seen that the crank-arm when in the normal position where the ribbon is engaged by the core extends radiall from the center on which the ribbon-spoo turns, so that the handle'82 not only constitutes a means for effecting the engagement and disengagement of the. ribbon from the spool, but likewise constitutes a handle by means of which the ribbon-spool may be turned. Extending through the hollow core of each spool is a bearing-sleeve 85, that is seated upon a spindle 86, that is provided with a head 87 at one end to prevent the with drawal of the spool therefrom. The oppo site end of the spindle is threaded at 88 and takes in a tapped opening in the lower portion of the associated bracket 57. A looknut 89 may be screwed on the threaded end of each spindle to the rear of the bracketplate in order to prevent the accidental unscrewing of the spindle. The hollow core of each spindle is formed with a depression 90,

that receives a sognientalplate, gravity device, 0r latch 91, which is pivoted at 92 to the heads of the spool. The segmental plate 91 and the depression. 90 in the core of the spool are so related that when the plate extends into the recess, as represented in Figs. 6 and 7, a core of substantially cylindrical form will be provided for the ribbon. The plate 91 of each spool extends from hub to hub of the spool and is supported within. the recess by the layers of ribbon wound upon the core and is permitted to swing on its pivot 92 by gravity, repr ented in Fig. 3., when the ribbon has been y unwound from the spool.

The s.) idies for the ribbon-spools con stitute bearings for cam-plates or disengaging devices 93 93', each of which is prevented from moving laterally by the associated bracket 57 and acollar 94 on the ribbon-.

spool, which latter likewise maintains the s 001 out of contact with the camlate.

ach cam-plate 93 or 93 has a forward yex tending arm 95, that carries a-later'ally-extending screw pin or pivot 96, that rojects across the s ace between the heads 0 the associated rib on-spool, as represented in Fig. 5. Surrounding each fixed pivot 96 is a sleeve 97, that constitutes a portion of an arm 98, formed with bearings 99 at the free end thereof for the reception of the pivot 100 of a bearing-roller 101. A spring 102 isconnected at one end 103 to the arm 95 and at its opposite end 104 to the sleeve 97, and the tension of this spring is exerted to force the roller 101 into contact with the outer surface ribbon on the spool. The arm 98 for each ribbon-spool has an arm or bar 105 secured thereto and the upper edge of the rear end of which provided with ratchet-teeth 106, that extend in the same direction as the ratchet-teeth 73 on the ribbon-spools, and each arm 105 is adjacent to the head of the associated spool which carries the 'ratchet teeth, so that when the arm 105 is turned to the'position represented in Figs. 3 and 5 it brin s the teeth thereon into position to be acte upon by the associated feed-pawl, and

at this time the said pawl is maintained out of cooperation with the teeth 73 on the rib hon-spool. The cam-plate 93 on the righthand side of the machine has an upright link 107 pivoted to the forwardly-extending arm thereof at 108, whereas'the cam-plate 93 on the lefthand side of the machine has a roarwardly-extending ear 109, to which an upright link 110 is pivoted at 111. The lower end of the link 110 is pivoted at 112 to a crank-arm 118, secured to a rock-shaft 1141, that extends from side to side of the machine and is provided with a second crank-arm 115 at the right side of the machine, which is pivoted at 116 to the link 107 and is preferably extended at 117 to form a crank-arm which carries a handle 118, by means of which the rock-slmft and the parts connected thereto may be moved by hand.

hrom a com )arison of Figs. 3 and 1 it will be seen that t e links 107 and 110 connect with their cams on the op'iosite sides of the pivotal centers of the spoo s, so that a rock ing of the shaft 114 will cause the cam at one side of. the machine to be vibrated. toward the rear of the machine, whereas the cam at the opposite side of the machine will be vibrated forwardly. The effect of these 1novements is to cause the peripheral cam-like edge of one camilate to be moved rearwardly and upwardly into the path of the associated vibrating-pawl 72, as well as into the ath of the associated gravity holding-pawl 119, thatis pivoted at 120 to the inside face of i the associated bracket 57. This movement a the bearing-rollers toward the pivotal centers of the ribbon-spools cause the bars or .3,' the latter position being attained when moved toward the front of the machine, thus when the spool at the opposite side of the 'tuating mechanism.

of the cam-plate at one side of the machine not only carries itinto the path of the associated pawls 72 and 119, but projects the edge of the cam beyond the teeth of the asso ciated ratchet-wheel 73, so that the pawls are moved out of engagement with the ratchet-teeth, as indicated in Fig. 3, and rest upon thesmooth edge of the cam. At this time the cam at the opposite side of the machine will, as heretofore explained, be moved to the position represented in Fig. 4, where the associated feed and holding pawls 72 and 119, respectively, are permitted to engage the ratchet-wheel of the associated ribbon-spool. The automatic movement of these came 93 and 93 depends upon the bearing-rollers 101. Thus when the ribbon is fully wound upon a spool its associated bearing-roller 101 will be maintained in the position represented in Fig. 4 and will be permitted to move around its pivot 96 toward the pivotal center'of the spool as the ribbon is unwound and passes to the other spool. These movements of frames 105 to be moved from the position represented in Fig. 4 to that indicated in Fig.

the ribbon is fully unwound from the associated spool and when the layers of ribbon have uncovered the plate or latch 91 and it is permitted to drop to the position shwn. This movement of the arm or bar 105 carries it beyond the eripheral teeth 73 and beyond the camike edge of the plate 93 or 93 thereby efiecting an, engagement of the pawls 72 and 119 with the teeth 106 on the arm 105. At the next forward oscillation offhe feed-pawls 72 the engaged arm 105 is moving the associated cam 93 or 93 to the position shown in Fig. 4, which enables the associated pawls 72 and 119 to engage the teeth 73 of their ratchet-wheel, and the next forward oscillation of the feed-pawl will cause the ratchet-wheel and spool to be rotated in' the direction of the arrow in Fig. 4 instead of rotating in an opposite direction, as it was machine was being positively fed by its ac- The reversal of the direction of the feed thus brought about first forces the bearing-roller 101, Fig. 3, out of the recess, immediately moving its arm 105 below the teeth of its ratchet-wheel, and a further rotation of the spool causes .the

plate or latch 91 to drop into its recess by gravity, so that when the recess is again brought opposite the roller the latter is prevented from dropping in this recess, and the further turning of the spool will wind the ribbon over the plate, thus maintaining it in place in the recess until the ribbonis again unwound and the ratchet-teeth106 are thus 1 saucer automatic movement of the cam 93 or 93 at one side of the machine through the feedpawl 72 engaging the teeth 106 in the manner described will cause a rocking movement of the shaft 114, the direction of movement of the shaft depending on which feedpawi 72 causes its actuation. Thus, for instance, an actuation of the cam 93 at the right-hand side of the machine through its ratchet-bar 105 and pawl 72 will depress the link 107 and turn the rock-shaft 114 in the direction of the arrow in Figs. 3 and 4. This movement of the rock-shaft has theeffect of throwing the cam 93 at the opposite side of the machine in the direction of the arrow thereon in Fig. 4 and to a position where the associated feed and holding pawls will be forced. and maintained out of engagement with the cooperating ratchet-wheel, so that in this manner the direction of the feed of the ribbon is automatically reversed when an end thereof is approached. I

Should the operator desire at any time to change the direction of the feed of the ribbon. it is merely necessary to rock the shaft 114: through thehandle 118, and thus change the During the relative positions of the cams or controlling devices 93 and 93 thereby throwing the inactive cam to position corresponding to that indicated in Fig. 4, whereas the opposite cam will be moved to a position corresponding to that indicated in Fig. 3, where the associated I pawls 72 and 119 will be prevented from en gaging the ratchet-wheel, and the movement of the feed-pawl 7 2 at this time will merely cause the nose thereof to ride on the face of the cam without engaging the ratchet-wheel.

By my invention it will be observed that I have provided a simple and efficient construction for automatically reversing the direction of feed of the ribbon when an end. thereof is approached and which may be reversed by hand at will and that the construction is such that no strali is borne by the ribbon in order to effect a reversal in the direction of the feed thereof, so that there is no opportunity of causing an injury to the-ribbon or of main taining it in a fixed position throughout several strokes of typebars during the reversing operation, as is usually the case in structures heretofore devised. Furthermore, it will be' observed that the entire pressure which is necessary to effect a reversal in the direction of feed of the ribbon is borne by the fingerkeys and that no appreciable increase in pres sure is'necessary to effect the reversal in the direction of the feed of the ribbon and that the movement of the devices 105 to and from a position Where they may be engaged by the feed-pawls 72 is automatically efiected without any strain on the ribbon or the fingerkeys. It will likewise be seen that there is no dead-center position, so to speak, of the ribbon during the reversal in its feed movements, the change in the direct-ion of the feed being instantaneous. Thus just before the bearing-ro1ler 101 of the right-hand ribbonspool drops into the recess in the hub or core thereof that same spool is fed in the direction of the arrow thereon in Fig. 3 by the pull of the ribbon on the spool, whereas the next feed movement of'the spool will cause the roller to drop into the recess, thereby instantly bringing the ratchet-teeth 106 to a position where they are engaged by the associated feed-pawl 72, so that the next few succeeding movements of the fihger-keys will cause the cam 93 to be depressed or thrown out of the path of the pawl to permit it to engage the teeth 73, and this same ribhon-spool will be fed in an opposite direction. In ribbon-reversing mechanism heretofore devised considerable difficulty has been encountered by reason of the fact that durin the reversing operation it requires severa strokes on the finger-keys after the ribbon has ceased to move in one direction before it can be started in the opposite direction, and

. hence, of course, the ribbon is not fed in either direction. The result is that several types will successively impinge at the'same point on the ribbon and either a faint impression or no impression at all will be produced and impressions of different degrees of intensity result. By my invention I overcome these difficulties, as pointed out above.

It will be understood from the foregoing description that the various parts of the ribbon mechanism are readily accessible to the operator and can be readily disconnected without the necessity of dismantling other parts of the machine and that the ribbon mechanism is simple in construction, efficient in operation, and is not liable to be broken or to get out of repair. All of the strain necessary to actuate the reversing mechanism is borne by the universal bar and the key-levers direct and does not interfere with the escapement mechanism, so that even if the ribbon mechanism becomes broken it does not affect other parts of the structure. will be understood that it is not necessary to rely upon the skill of the operator to connect the ribbon, so that the ribbon-reversing mechanism may. be automatically operated, and that no pins or studs need be properly positioned before the reversal can be e lfecterl From the foregoing description it will be understood that the feed-pawls 72 are attuated by the ribbon-vibrator and constitute means for automatically effecting a reversal I Again, it

in the direction of the feed of the ribbon when an end thereof is approached; that the ratchets or rack-bars 105 106 constitute spring-pressed pivoted frames controlled by said pawls 72 for effecting a reversal in the direction of the feed of the ribbon; that the cam-like controlling disengaging or shifting devices 93 93 maintain one of the pawls 72 disengaged when the other is in engagement wound and are connected to and control the reversing mechanism or devices. In other words, the bearing-arms 98 constitute the primary means which set or render the reversing devices effective. Furthermore, it will be seen that the segmental plates or latches 91 with the ribbon on the spools maintain the roller-carrying arms in the normal positions and the reversing mechanism inoperative until an end of the ribbon is approached, when the reversing mechanism is rendered effective through said roller-carrying arms.

Certain of the features shown are not claimed herein, but are claimed in se arate applications filed by me herewith. T 1e paper-carriage construction and m unting herein shown are claimed in my applications, Serial No. 305,053, filed March 9, 1906, and Serial No. 322,699, filed (renewed) June 21,

I 1906. The type-action construction shown herein is claimed in my application, Serial No. 127,536; filed October 16, 1902.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is i 1. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a ribbon-vibrator, and ribbon-feed mechanism actuated by said ribbon-vibrator and through connections independent of the means for actuating the vibrator.

2. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a ribbon-vibrator, ribbon-feed mechanism actuated through said ribbonvibrator and by the power applied thereto, and means for automatically effecting a reyersal in the direction of the feed of said rib- In a type-writing machine, the combination of a ribbonvibrator, ribbon-feed mechanism actuated by said ribbon-vibrator, and means controlled by said vibrator for automatically effecting a reversal in the direction of the feed of said ribbon when an end thereof is approached.

1. 111 a type-writing machine, the combi- IIO &

machine, the combiand means actuated by the ribbon-vibrator for automatically efiecting a reversal in the directionof the feed of the ribbon.

6. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a ribbon-vibrator, a ratchet-wheel, I

and a cooperating pawl directly connected to and actuated by the ribbon-vibrator for feed ing theribbon. i

7." In a type-writing machine, the combination of ribbon-spools, a ribbon-vibrator, a ratchetwheel for each ribbon-spool, and a pawl for each ratchet-wheel, which pawls are operatively connected to and are actuated by t eribbon-vibrator bymeans independent of the means for actuating the vibrator.

8. In a type-writing machine, the combination of ribbon-spools, a ribbon-vibrat0r,'a ratchet-Wheel for each ribbon-spool, a pawl for each ratchet-wheel, which pawls are op-. eratively connected to and are actuated through the ribbon-vibrator by the power applied thereto, and means controlled by the ribbon for automatically rendering one of said pawls ineffective when the other is effective to rotate its ratchet-wheel.

9. In a type-writing machine, the combination of ribbon-spools, a ribbonwibrator, a ratchet-wheel for each ribbon-spool, a pawl for each ratchet-wheel, which pawls are directly connected to and. are actuated by the ribbon-vibrator, and means for automatically rendering one of said pawls ineffective and the other efiective to rotate itsratchet-wheel when anend of the ribbon is approached, so as to automatically change the direction-of feed of the ribbon.

10. In a type-writing machine, the combi nation of a universal bar, a ribbon-vibrator connected to and actuated by said universal bar, ribbon -spools, and pawl-and -ratchet mechanism actuated through the ribbon-vibrator and by the power applied thereto to rotate the ribbon-spools.

11. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a universal bar, a ribbon-vibrator connected to and actuated by said universal bar, ribbon-sp0ols, pawl-and-ratchet mechanism actuated through the ribbon-vibrator and by'the power applied thereto to rotate the-ribbonspools, and means controlled by the ribbon to change the direction of feed of the ribbon when an end thereof is approached.

12. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a ribbon-vibrator, a universal, bar, a link forming a direct connection between the universal bar and vibrator, ribbon spools, pawls for rotating said ribbon-spools,

ar', a ribbon-vibrator l 5 by the ribbon-vibrator, and ratchet-wheels l which cooperate with the pawls and are oper- F atively connected to the ribbon-spools.

i 13. In a type-Writing machine, the combination of a ribbon-vibrator, a universal bar, 5 a link which forms a direct connectionbel tween the universal bar and vibrator, ribbonlspools, pawls for rotating said ribbon-spools,

l which pawls are connected to and actuated.

l by the ribbon-vibrator, ratchet-wheels which I cooperate with the pawls and are operatively connected to the ribbon-spools, and means for automatically rendering one pawl effect I ive and the other ineffective when an end of changed nation of aribbon-vibrator, a ribbon-spool, a pressing device that is adapted to bear upon the ribbon on said spool and to move toward wound, and a shiftable ribbon-reversing device, means for shifting said reversing dej vice, the reversing device being connected to said pressing device and adapted to be thrown into position to be operated by the I means for shifting it when the ribbon unwinds from the spool and an end of the ribbon is approached. 15. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a ribbonspool, a pressing device that is adapted to bear uponthe-ribbon on.

the ribbon is approached, whereby the direc-- tion of feed of the ribbon is automatically 14. In a type-writing machine, thecombithe center of the spool as, the ribbonis -un- 7 the said movable part whenan end of the I ribbon is approached. l 17. In a type-writing machine, the cornl bination of a pair of-ribbon-spools, a reversl ing device for each ribbon-spool, a ribbonl vibrator, means for automatically effecting l the movemeni of one reversing device into operative position and into the path of a part 5 connected to the ribbon-vibrator when the j other reversing device is moved out of operative position. 18. In a type-writing machine, the com- I bination of two ribbon-spools, a ratchetwheel for each ribbon-spool, a pawl for'each ratchetewheel, a ribbon -vi.-rator which is connected to and actuates said pawls bymeans independent of the means for actuating the vibrator, and means for disenga ing one pawl and effecting an engagement of the other with its ratchet-Wheel when an end of the ribbon is approached.

19. In a type-writing machine, the combination of two ribbon-spools, a ratchetwheel for each ribbon-spool, a pawl for each ratchet-wheel, a ribbon-vibrator which is connected to and actuates said pawls by means independent of the means for actuating the vibrator, a universal bar, a link connecting the vibrator to the universal bar so that a movement of the latter effects a movement of the vibrator, and means for disengagin one pawl and effecting an engagement 0 the other with its ratchet-wheel when an end of the ribbon is a proached.

20. In a type-writing maclime, the combination of a vibrator, pawls connected to said vibrator, and means actuated by said pawls for feeding the ribbon and for automatically effecting a change in the direction of its feed when an end thereof is approached.

21. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, a pair of ratchet-wheels, one for each spool, a pair of cooperating feed-pawls, a pair of reversing devices with whic said pawls likewise coopcrate and which are actuated by said pawls to effect the engagement of one and the disengagement of the other from its ratchet-wheel, and means for automatically moving one of said reversing devices into and the other out of the operative position when an end of the ribbon is approached.

22. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, a pair of pawls and cooperating means for effecting the feed movement of said spools, and ribbonreversing mechanism independent of said cooperating means and which is operated by said paw s.

23. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, a air of pawls and cooperating means for e 'ecting the feed movement of said spools, ribbon-re versing. mechanism independent of the means for effecting a feed movement of the spools and which is o erated by said pawls, and means that enabl anism to be actuated by said pawls when a end of the ribbon is approached. i

24. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pawland-ratehet mechanism for effecting an intermittent feed of the ribbon, and means independent of said ratchet mechanism and controlled by said pawls for affording an automatic reversal in the direction of the feed of the ribbon.

.25. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pawl-and-ratehet mechanism for effecting an intermittent feed of the ribbon, means independent of said ratchet mechanism and controlled by said pawls for atfording an automatic reversal in the. direction of the feed of the ribbon, and means for rendering the nawls operative to 0 feet a ree the reversing mech proached.

versal of the feed of the ribbon when an end thereof is approached.

26. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, a pair of ratchet-wheels one for each spool, a pair of cooperating feed-pawls, a ribbon-vibrator which actuates said pawls, a pair of reversing devices with which said pawls likewise cooperate and which are actuated by said pawls to effect the enga ement of one and the disengagement of the other from its ratchet-wheel, and means for automatically moving one of said reversing devices into and the other out of the operative .position when an end of the ribbon is approached.

27. 1 a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, a pair of pawls for effecting the feed movement of said spools, a ribbon-vibrator which is connected to said pawls and by which they are actuated, and ribbon-reversing mechanism which is operated by said pawls.

28. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a ribbon-vibrator, pawl-and ratchet mechanism which is actuated by said ribbon-vibrator to eflect an intermittent feed of the ribbon, and means controlled by said awls for affording an automatic reversa in the direction of the feed of the ribbon.

29. In a type-Writing machine, the combination of a pawl, a ra ck-bar with which said pawl cooperates, means for moving said rackbar into the path of the pawl, and means controlled by said rack-bar for affording a change inthe direction of the feed of the ribbon.

30. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, a pair of pawls, a ratchet-bar for each pawl, means controlled by said ratchet-bars for rendering one of said pawls effective and the other ineffective to rotate the ribbon-spools, and means for autonnitically affording an operative engagement between one or the other of said pawls and a ratchet-bar when an end of the ribbon is approached. Y

31. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, a pair of pawls, a ratchet-bar for each pawl, means controlled by said ratchet-bars for rendering one of said pawls effective and the other ineffective to rotate .the ribbon-spools, and presser devices which bear on the ribbon on said spools and automatically move one of said ratchet-bars into the path of its cooperating pawl when an end of the ribbon is ap- 32. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, a ratchetwheel [or each ribbon-spool, a pawl for each ratchet-wheel, means l'or actuating said pawls to rotate the ribbon-spools, a ratchetbar which is adapted to cooperate with each pawl, a paw iiisengaging device for each pawl, Wlllt'll disengaging devices are actuated by said ratchet-bars, and means for automat- 1cally efiecting an engagement between one of sald pawls and its ratchet-bar when an end of the ribbon is approached.

33. In a type-writing machine, the combination of two ratchet-bars, means for automatically moving either of said ratchet-bars to the operative position when an end of the ribbon is approached, means controlled by sald ratchet-bars for affording a change in the d1rection of the feed of the ribbon, and means for engaging said ratchet-bars when they are in the operative positions.

3a. In a type-writing machine, the combinatipn of two ratchet-bars, means for automatlcally moving either of said ratchet-bars to the operative position when an end of the ribbon is approached, means controlled by said ratchet-bars for affording a change in the direction of the feed of the ribbon, a ribbon-vibrator, and means actuatedby the r1bbon-vibrator for engaging said ratchet bars when they are in the operative positions.

In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pairof ribbon-spools, a ratchetwheel for each ribbon-spool, a pawl for each ratchet wheel, means for vibrating said pawls to effect a step-by-step feed of the ribbon, a ratchet-bar for each pawl, a cam-like disengaging device for each pawl, intermediate connections between said disengaging deyices, whereby when one disengaging device is moved into the disengaging position the other will be moved into an engaging positron, connections between said ratchet-bars and the disengaging devices so that a move, ment of the former will move the latter, and

means for automatically effecting an engage-' ment between one of said pawls and a ratchet-bar when an end of the ribbon is approached.

36. In a type-writing machine, the combination of pawl-and-ratchet mechanism for moving the ribbon in opposite directions, shifting means for maintaining one pawl disengaged when the other is in engagement with its cooperating mechanism, bearing devices, and means controlled by said bearing devices and cooperating with said pawls and which are brought into the path of one or the other of said. pawls when an end of the ribbon is approached to afford a movement of the shifting means to change the direction of the feed of the ribbon.

37. In a type-Writing machine, the combination of pawl-and-ratchet mechanism for moving the ribbon in opposite directions, a ribbon-vibrator that actuates said pawls, a universal bar to which the ribbon-vibrator is connected, shifting means for maintaining one pawl disengaged when the other is in engagement with its cooperating ratchet mechanism, bearing devices, and means controlled thereby and which are brought into the path of one or the other ofsaid pawls when an end of the ribbon is approached to afforda move-' pawl, intermediate connections between said.

disengaging devices, connections between said ratchet-bars and the disengaging devices so that a movement of the former will move the latter, and means for automatically efiecting an engagement between one of sald pawls and a ratchet-bar when an end of the ribbon is approached.

39. In a ty e-writing machine, the combination of ribbon-spools, means for movlng said ribbon-spools intermittently to effect a step-by-step feed of the ribbon, and a ribbonreversing device that is adapted to be automatically thrown into the path of the ribbonmoving means to be actuated thereby when an end of the ribbon is approached.

40. In a'type-writing machine, the combination of ribbon-spools, spring-pressed rollers that are adapted to bear on the ribbon on said spools, means for moving 'said r1bbon spools intermittently to effect a step-by-step feed of the ribbon, and ribbon-reversing devices which are actuated by said mo'vin means and which are operatively connecte to each of said spring-pressed rollers and the shifting of which into the path of the moving 7 means is automatically determined by sai rollers when an end of the ribbon is approached.

41. In a ty e-writing machine, the combination of rib on-spools, spring-pressed rollers that are adapted to bear on the-ribbon on said spools, ribbon-reversing devices which are operatively connected to each of said spring-pressed rollers and the. shifting of which is automatically determined by said rollers when an end of the ribbon is approached, and hand-operated means for actuating said reversing devices independently of the automatically-actuated means.

42. In a typo-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, a springpressed roller-carrying frame for each of said ribbon-spools and the rollers of which are adapted to bear upon the ribbon on said spools, a ratchet-wheel for each ribbon-spool, an actuating-pawl for each ratchet-wheel, a ratchet-face carried by each of said frames and which is adapted to cooperate with the actuating-pawls and to be moved thereby, and pawl-disengaging means controlled by said frames, whereby the direction of feed of the ribbon is automatically reversedwhen an end theredf'is approached.

I'IO

43. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pairof ribbon-s ools, a springribbon-spool, an actuatingpawl for each ratchet-wheel means for actuating said pawls, a ratchet-face carried by each of said frames and which is adapted to cooperate with, an

actuating-pawl and to be moved thereby,

and awl-disengaging means controlled by said ames, whereby the direction-of fecdof the ribbon is automatically reversed when an ,end thereof is approached. v I 44. In a type-writ" machine, the combination of a pair of rib on-spools, .a be ring; surface pivoted to' each IlbbOIl-SPOO? and adapted to be surrounded by ribbon thereon and to hold, it in normal osition, bearin arms that bear on therib on on the spoo s and move toward the axes of the spools when the pivoted bearing-surfacesmove to the ab normal position, and reversing mechanism controlled by said bearing-arms.

45. ,In atype-writin machine, the combi nation of a pair of rib on-spools, a bearingpiece pivoted to each spool, a roller-carrying presser-arm for each spool and which are maintained in the normal positions .by said bearing-pieces and the. ribbon on the spools andwhich are permitted to move to the actuating positions whenthe hearin :pieces move from their normal positions, an means for automatically eifectm a reversal in the direction of the feed offt e ribbon when a presser-arm moves to the abnormal position.

46. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, a latch pivoted to eachspool, a roller-carryingpresserarm foreach spool and which are maintained in the normal positions by said latchesand the ribbon on the spools and which are. permitted to move to. the actuating posit ons when the latches move from their norma lip o-f sitions, means for automatically eifectmg, a

reversal in the direction of the feedofothe ribbon when a resser-arm moves to theabnormal positions, and hand-operated means for efi'ectin a reversal of the direction-ofthe feed of ribbon independently of the movement of said presser-arms.

'47. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, a pair of ratchet-wheels therefor, a pair of actuatingpawls cooperating with saidratchet-wheels, a pair of disengaging devices forsaid pawls, intermediate connections between said disengaging devices, so that one will be moved-t0 .49. nation of a. pair of ribbon-spools, mean for the means for turning the spools for. effecting connections between said controlling ,'de vices and the disengaging devices. 48. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, a pair of ratchet-wheels therefgir, a pair of actuatingpawls cooperatin with sai -'ratchet-wheels,, a ribbon-vibratorlw'hich moves said pawls, a; pair of disengaging devices for said pawls, in}? termediate connections between said disen-' gaging devices, so that one will be moved to the disenga ing position when the other is moved to .afiord an engagement of its pawl with the associated, ratchet-wheel, con rolling devices that arefautomaticall-y interposed in the path of one or the other of said p wlsf, when an end of "the ribboniis approac ed, connections between said controlling deyices and the disengaging devices, and hand-operated means for actuating thedisengaging'devices independently of the controlling -devices.

In a type writingimachine, the co bi turning said rihbon-spools, controlling"- devices which are maintained in the inoper-;

ative positions by the outer surface of the go ribbon on the spools, means which automatically afi'or'dian inward movement of said devices toward the center of the spools when either end of \the ribbon is approached; and. mechanism controlled by said devices and by a reversal-in the direction of the feed' of the ribbon. v

50,. In a type-writing machine, the cdmbinationof a pair. of ribbon-spools, segmental- 'roo shaped deviceswliich are pivoted to said spools rand fit and are normally retained withinre- 'cesses in the cores thereof, a bearing-piece ada. tedto ride onthe'surfaceof tlieribbon bf eac 1 spool and to drop in the recess in' the core IO 5 ithereof when its segmental device .movesto ,the abnormal position, and means controlled b. each of said bearing-pieces for antomatica ly effecting a reversal in the direction of the feed of the ribbon when aniend thereof isapproached. v 51. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a air of ribbon-spools, segmental shaped devices which are. pivoted to said spools and fit and are normally retained within recesses in the cores thereof, a. bearingiece adaptedto ride on the surface of the ribiion of each sp ol and drop into the recess in the core thereof when its segmentaldevice moves. to the abnormal position, means 0011- m trolled by each of said bearing-pieces for antomatically effecting a reversal in the dire- .tion of the feed e f-the ribbon when anend thereof .is approac red, and hand-operated, means for effecting ar versal in the d rection 1 25 of the feed of the rib bon independently of said bearing-pieces. A

52. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, means for moving said ribbon-spools, segmental-shaped gravity devices which are pivoted to said spools and fit and are normally retained means for effecting a step-by-step feed of the ribbon in the direction of its length, and means that are automatically interposed in the path of said feedingmeans when an end of the ribbon is approached and are moved thereby to effect areversal'in the directionof the feed of the riboon. 5%. 1n atype-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools,- vibrating means for effecting an intermittent rotation of" the ribbon-spools, and means that are automatically interposed in thepath of said vibrating means when an end of the'ribzbon is approached and are moved thereby to effect a reversal in the direction of the feed thereof.

55. lna typewriting machine, the combination of ribbon-spools, aratchet-wheel for each ribbon -spool, vibrating pawls which cooperate withsaid ratchet-wheels to effect a step-by-step feed of the ribbon, a cam that cooperates with each pawl to .move it out of engagement withits ratchet-wheel, intermediate connections between said cams, a revnrsing device fOIfl; each pawl and each of which is adapted to be interposedin the path of its pawl when an end of the ribbon is approached, and connections between said reversing devices and the cams. f in a type-writing machme the'combn nation of ribbon-spools, a ratchet-wheel for each ribbon-spool, vibrating pawls which cooperate" withsaid ratchet-wheels to effect a step-lxv-step feed of the'ribbon, a ribbonvibrator that actuates saidpawls, a universal bar to which said vibrator is connected snd'bymeans of which it is moved, a cam that'cooperates with each pawl to 'move it out of engagement with its ratchet-wheel, in.- termcdiate connections between saidcams,a reversing device for each pawl andeachof which is adapted to be interposed in the path of its pawl when'an end of the ribbon is approached, and connections between said reversible devicesand the cams.

57. Ina ty e-Writing machine, the combi nation of rib on-spools, a ratchet-wheel for each rib hon-spool, vibrating pawls which cooperate with said ratchet-wheels to effect a step-*by-step feed of the ribbon, a cam that cooperates with each pawl to move it out of engagement with its ratchet-wheel, intermediate connections between said cams, a reversing-ratchet for each pawl and each of which is adapted to be interposed in the path of its pawl, connections between said reversing-ratchets and the cams, and controlling devices that bear uponthe ribbon and are effective to move the reversing-ratchets into the paths of the pawls. 1

58. Ina t e-Writing machine, thBlCOITlblnation of riff on-spools', a ratchet-wheel for each ribbon-spool, vibrating pawls which cooperate with said ratchet-wheels to effect a step-by-step feed of the ribbon, a ribbonvibraftor that actuates said pawls, a universal bar to which said vibrator is connected and by means of which it is moved, a-cam that cooperates with each pawl to move it out of engagement with its ratchet-wheel, in-

termediate connections between said cams, so as to move one to the disengaging position when the other'is moved to a position to afford an engagement between its pawl and ratchet-wheel, a reversing-ratchet for 'each pawl and each of which is ada ted to be interposed in the path of its paw connections between said reversing-ratchets and the cams, controlling devices that bear upon the ribbon and which are effective to move the reversingratchets into the paths of the pawls, and hand-operated means for moving said cams independently of the controlling devices.

59 In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair. of ribbon-s 001s, a ratchet-. wheel for each ribbon-spool, a feed-pawl'cooperating with each ratchetwheel, a pair of ivoted frames, one for each spool, a ratchetace on each frame that is adapted to be engaged by the associated pawl, a pawl-disengaging device connected to each frame, and means carried by each frame and bearing on the face of the ribbon and controlling the movement of the frame.

60.- In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, a'ratchetwheel for each ribbon-spool, a feed-pawl cooperating with each ratchet-wheel, a pair of spring-pressed pivoted frames, one foreach spool, a ratchet-face on each frame that is adapted to be engaged by the associated pawl, a pawl-disengagingdevice connected to each frame, intermediate connections between said disengaging devices, a presser' roller carried by each frame and bearing against the face of the ribbon and controlling the movement of the frame, whereby when an end of the ribbon is approached a frame is automatically moved to throw the ratchetface thereon into the path of a feed-pawj to efiect areversal in the direction of the feed of the ribbon.

61. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a pair of ribbon-spools, a ratchet-' wheel for each ribbon-spool, a feed-pawl 00-- "operating with each ratchet-wheel, ribbon-; vibrator to which said feed-pawls are con-, nected and by which the are moved, a uni-@ versal bar to which'sai ribbon-vibrator is connected and by which it is moved, a pair of spring-pressed pivoted frames, one for each spool, a'ratchet-face-on each frame that is adaptedto be engaged by the associated paw a awl-disengaging device connected to each ame, intermediate connections be-" tween said disengaging-cams, a presser-roller carried byeach frame and bearing on the face of the ribbon and controlling the-movement of the frame, whereby when an end of the ribbon is approached a frame is-automatically moved to throwthe ratchet-face thereon into the path of a feedawl to effect a reversal in the direction of t e feed of the ribbon.

62. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a. .pair of ribbon-s 001s, a pair of feedawls, one for each spool a pair of movable disengaging-cams for said pawls, a rocksh'aft, andv intermediate positive connections between said rock-shaft and cams, which connections are efifective to move one cam to the disengaging position when the other is in a.

position to afiord an engagement betw en the associated pawl and ratchet-wheel.

63. In atype-writing machine, the combination of .a pair of-ribbo'n -spools, a pair of feedawls, one for each spool, a pair of movable isengagingecamsfor said pawls, a rockshaft, intermediate connections between said when the other is in a position to afford an engagement between the associated pawl andratchet-wheel, and hand-operated means for rocking said shaft-t0 effect a reversal in the direction of the feed of-the ribbon.

nation of ribbon-spools mounted on'the sides of the machine, and ribbon-vibrator-arms which are likewise'mounted the machine. I

66. In a type'writing machine, the combi nation of ribb on-spools, ribbonwibratorarms which are mounted on the sides'of the Ina-l chine, and a ribbon which passes'gfifom-the' ribbon-spools to the 'v-ibrator arms around the center of vibration of said arms.

' 67. In a type writing machine, the combi-' on the. sides :of-.

nation of ribbon-spools, a ribbon-vibrator,

means for moving said vibrator at each printing operation and guide-rollers over which the ribbon passes from the ribbon-spools to the vibrator, the pivotal center of said guiderollers bein coincident with the axis of vibration of the vibrator.

'68. In a type-writing machine, the combi nation of ribbon-spools mounted at the sides of the machine, independent ribbon-vibrator arms mounted at the sides of the machine, and guide-rollers over which the ribbon passes from the ribbon-spools to the vibrator, the pivotal center of said guidesrollers being" coincident with the axis of'vibration of the vibrator.' 69. In a type-writin machine, the combination of a universal ar, independent ribbon-vibrator arms upon opposite sides of the machine, and independent connections between each of said vibrator-arms and the universal bar.

70. Ina type-writin machine, the combiar, independent rib-- tween each of said vibrator-arms and the uni versal bar, and means for adjusting each of said links to vary the positions of impact of the types on the ribbon.

71. In a type-writing machine, the combination of two independent vibrator-arms, independent ball-bearing supports for said arms, and means for moving the arms.

72. In a type-Writing machine, the combination ofa spindle, a roller-bearing raceway.

supported by said spindle, a ribbon-vibrator having a roller-bear ng raceway therein, and a series of antifrict omrollers received in said raceways.

73. In a type-writin machine, the combination of an outwar ly-projecting spindle secured to each side of the machine, IlbbOIlvibrator arms that are supported upon said spindles, and antifriction roller-bearings. for

each of said arms.

74. In a type-writin machine, the combi-:

ing'portion, and antifriction-balls that con- 65. In a type-writmg machme, the combi nect the arms to ball-bearing washers.

75,111 a type-writing machine, the combi- 76. ID a type-writi machine, the combination of an outwar ly-projecting spindle secured to each side of the machine-frame, a ribbon-vibrator arm supported u on ballbearings on said spindle, and a'rib on guide roller supported on each spindle.

the ribbon to the spool.

' spool are secured and the edges of which con- 77. In a typewriting machine, the conibi' nation of a ribbon-vibratoi, ball-bearing supports for said vibrator, means for actuating the vibrator, and ribbon-feed pawls con nected to and actuated through said vibrator.

78. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a ribbon-vibrator supported upon ball-bearings, means for moving said vibrator, ribbon-spoi'ils, and feed-pa'wls for rotating said spools, said pawls being connected directly to and moved by the ribbon-vibrator.

79. In a type-Writing machine, the combination of ribbon spools, ribbon vibrator arms located at opposite sides of the machine, a ratchet-wheel for each ribbon-spool, and a cooperating feed-pawl connected to and actuated by each vibrator-arm.

80. In a type-Writing machine, the combination of ribbon spools, ribbon vibrator arms located at opposite sides of the machine, a universal bar to which each vibratorarm is connected, ball-bearings upon Which the vibrator-arms are supported, a ratchetwheel for each ribbon-spool, and a cooperating feed-pawl connected to and actuated by each vibratorarm.

81. In a type-writing m chine, the combination of ribbon-spools located upon opposite sides of the machine and which project outwardly therefrom, and each of which has a ratchet formed on one of the flanges there of, ribbon-vibrator arms located upon oppo-. site sides of the machine, and a feed-oawl ac tuated by each of said vibrator-arms and cooperating with a ratchet formed on a ribbonspool flange.

82. In a type-writing machine, the combi nation of ribbon-spools, each of which has a ratchet formed on one of the flanges thereof, ribbon-vibrator arms, and feed-pa'wls which are connected to and are actuated by said vibrator-arms and cooperate with the said ratchets formed on the ribbon-spool flanges. 83.. A ribbon-spool that has a hollow core ofresilient metal to which the flanges of the stitute clamping means to secure an end oi 84. A ribbon-spool comprising heads or flanges that are secured to a hollow core Which has a free edge that clamps an end of the ribbon to the core, and means for effect ing a movement of said free edge to and from the clamping position.

85, A ribbon-spool comprising, heads or flanges, and a strip of metal that is riveted at its ends to said flanges so as to form a core for the spool and so as to provide a free resilient edge which secures the ribbon to the core of the spool.

86. A ribbon-spool comprising heads or flanges, a strip of metal that is riveted at its ends to said flanges so as to form a core for the spool and so as to provide a free resilient the spool and so as to provide a free resilient I edge which secures the ribbon' to the core of the spool, a s indie that is supported inplacc by the spoo flanges and is provided with means for deflec ng the free edge of the core against its tens. '1, and a handle atone end of the spindle that constitutes means for turning the spindle in its bearings and means for rotating the spool.

88. A ribbon-spool comprising heads or flanges, .a strip of metal that is riveted at its ends to said flanges so as to form a core for.

the spool and so as to provide a free resilient edge which secures the ribbon to the core of the spool, a finger-piece that extends out- Wise of the flange of the spool and is adapted to move said free resilient edge and which likewise constitutes a handle for turning the spool.

89. In a type-writing machine, the combi' nation with a movable part of the machine, of ribbon-spools, reversing devices, and a pressing device adapted to bear upon the ribbon on each of said spools and to move toward and away from the center of the spool as the ribbon is unwound and is Wound up on the spool, and which determines when each of the reversing devices and the movable part may be brought into cooperation and the direction of the feed of the ribbon re-,

versed.

90. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a movable part that is actuated at each printingoperation of the machine,.a reversing device adapted to be brought into cooperation with said movable part, to be actuated thereby and reverse the direction of the feed of the ribbon, a ribbon-spool, and a contact device that bears against the ribbon and automatically moves away from or toward the center of the spool as the ribbon is wound on or unwound from the spool and which controls the reversing device and determines the eversal in the direction of the feed of the ribbon.

91. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a ribbon-spool, a rack, a member that engages the rack, a movement of one of said last-mentioned elements being transmitted to the other to effect a reversal in the direction of the feed of the ribbon, and means for automatically bringing said member and rack into cooperation when an end of the ribbon is approached.

92. In a type-Writing machine, the combination of a ribbon-spool, a rack, a member that engages the rack, a movement of one of said last mentioned elements being transmitted to the other to effect a reversal in the direction ofthe feed of the ribbon, and a controlling device for automatically bringing said member and rack into cooperation when an end of the ribbon is approached, said controlling device comprising a ressing device that bears on the ribbon an automatically moves away from or toward the center of the spool as the ribbon is Wound on or unwound item the spool.

93. In a tvpe-wiiting machine, the combination of ribion-spools, driving means for turning saidribbon-spools, shiftable means for operatively connecting one spool with and disconnecting the other from the turning neans, and means that are actuated directly by said driving means to efiect a shifting of said shiftable means.

94, In a type-writing machine, the combi sociated driving part and reversing device brought into cooperation may be brought into cooperation and the directicn of the feed of the ribbon reversed.

95. In a type-Writing machine, the (zombi nation of a pair of ribbon-spools; a pair of ratchet-Wheels one for each spool a drivingpawl for each ratchet-wheelyand automatically-actuated means which afiord an engagement between one and and its associated ratchet Wheel and which simultaneously effects a disengagement between the other pawl and its associated ratchet-wheel when an end of the ribbon is approached, said "aiig 'tomatically-actuated means comprising a versing device for each spool that is adapted to be brought into cooperation with and to be I actuated by the associated driving-pawl, a

contact-controlling devicefor each ribbonspool and each ofwhich bears on the ribbon of the associated spool and moves away from or toward the center of the s 001 as the ribbon is wound on or unwoun from the spool and determines when an associated reversing device and driving-pawl may be and the direction of the feed reversed.

Signed at-Syracuse, in the county oi Onon daga and State of New York, this 2d day of Qctober, A. D. 1902.

I ALEXANDER Witnesses:

CHARLES, Jfiorinn F. G. BODELL.

T. BROWN. 

